Mammography was recommended to 212 women, according to American Cancer Society guidelines, at the time of a work site-offered periodic health exam (PHE). Sixteen weeks later telephone follow-up determined compliance. A total of 56 (26%) had complied. A second phone contact to 82 noncompliers identified 18 additional women who complied after the first phone contact. Overall compliance (36%) was associated with the presence of physical findings upon breast examination (fibrocystic disease). Compliers did not differ from noncompliers with regard to age, time between PHE and follow-up, or insurance coverage. There was no association between compliance and age greater than or equal to 50 years or previous mammography.