Lipophilic extracts isolated from European cranberry bush (Viburnum opulus) and sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) berry pomace by supercritical CO2 - Promising bioactive ingredients for foods and nutraceuticals

Abstract

Lipophilic extracts of Viburnum opulus (VOP) and Hippophae rhamnoides (SBP) berry pomace recovered by supercritical CO₂ (SFE-CO₂) were analysed by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and GC × GC-TOF for their triacylglycerol, tocopherol, phytosterol and fatty acid composition, while oxidative stability was evaluated by Oxipres and Rancimat methods. SFE-CO₂ recovered 16.99% and 26.24% of lipids from SBP and VOP, respectively. Linoleic, linolenic, oleic, palmitic and palmitoleic acids were major in SBP oil, while VOP oil was composed of almost equal amounts of linoleic and oleic acids. Therefore, remarkably higher diversity of triacylglycerols was identified in SBP. The content of β-sitosterol and α-tocopherol was 359.5-514.5 and 65.38-118.6 mg/100 g, respectively. Hydrocarbons were other quantitatively important lipophilic components, including health beneficial squalene. All extracts improved oxidative stability of mayonnaise. The extracts of berry processing by-products by green extraction method contain valuable bioactive constituents and could be of high interest for applications in functional foods and nutraceuticals.

Keywords: Berry pomace; Fatty acids; Hippophae rhamnoides; Phytosterols; Tocopherols; Triacylglycerols; Viburnum opulus.