Antidiabetic effects of Maclura cochinchinensis (Lour.) corner heartwood extract

Savita Chewchinda; Nantakarn Leakaya; Hitoshi Sato; Vilasinee Hirunpanich Sato

doi:10.1016/j.jtcme.2019.10.004

Antidiabetic effects of Maclura cochinchinensis (Lour.) corner heartwood extract

J Tradit Complement Med. 2019 Oct 22;11(1):68-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2019.10.004. eCollection 2021 Jan.

Authors

Savita Chewchinda¹, Nantakarn Leakaya¹, Hitoshi Sato², Vilasinee Hirunpanich Sato³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
² Division of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynanics, Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.
³ Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.

Abstract

Background and aim: Maclura cochinchinensis (MC) (Lour.) heartwood extract have been used traditionally to treat diabetes in Thailand, but their mechanism of action has not been elucidated.

Experimental procedure: This study investigated the effects of an aqueous heartwood extract of MC on α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities. Moreover, its antidiabetic effect was evaluated using an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and a 28-day administration to streptozotocin (STZ)-nicotinamide (NA)-induced type 2 diabetic mice.

Results: In both OGTT and the daily oral administration for 28 days in STZ-NA-induced type 2 diabetic mice models, the extract (1,000 mg/kg) significantly decreased fasting blood glucose. This hypoglycemic effect was explained by increased insulin levels and α-glucosidase inhibition (IC₅₀:1.53 ± 0.03 μg/mL).

Conclusion: This first study on the hypoglycemic activity of MC heartwood extract indicates that it could be a potential natural remedy for type 2 diabetes.

Keywords: CMC-Na, carboxymethylcellulose; DNSA, 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid; Diabetic; FBG, fasting blood glucose; Hypoglycemia; NA, nicotinamide; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT); STZ, streptozotocin; pNPG, p-nitrophenyl α-d-glucopyranoside; α-Amylase; α-Glucosidase.