Particulate matter (PM2.5) as a potential SARS-CoV-2 carrier

Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 28;11(1):2508. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-81935-9.

Abstract

The rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 in the COVID-19 pandemic had raised questions on the route of transmission of this disease. Initial understanding was that transmission originated from respiratory droplets from an infected host to a susceptible host. However, indirect contact transmission of viable virus by fomites and through aerosols has also been suggested. Herein, we report the involvement of fine indoor air particulates with a diameter of ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5) as the virus's transport agent. PM2.5 was collected over four weeks during 48-h measurement intervals in four separate hospital wards containing different infected clusters in a teaching hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Our results indicated the highest SARS-CoV-2 RNA on PM2.5 in the ward with number of occupants. We suggest a link between the virus-laden PM2.5 and the ward's design. Patients' symptoms and numbers influence the number of airborne SARS-CoV-2 RNA with PM2.5 in an enclosed environment.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aerosols / analysis
  • Aerosols / chemistry
  • Air Microbiology
  • Air Pollution, Indoor
  • COVID-19 / epidemiology
  • COVID-19 / metabolism
  • COVID-19 / transmission*
  • COVID-19 / virology
  • Environmental Monitoring / methods*
  • Fomites / microbiology
  • Fomites / statistics & numerical data
  • Hospitals
  • Humans
  • Malaysia / epidemiology
  • Pandemics
  • Particulate Matter / analysis
  • RNA, Viral
  • SARS-CoV-2 / chemistry*

Substances

  • Aerosols
  • Particulate Matter
  • RNA, Viral