Molecular characterization, expression analysis and immune effect of Galectin-8 from Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2021 Apr:111:59-68. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.01.012. Epub 2021 Jan 24.

Abstract

Galectin-8 gene belongs to the agglutinin family, which can specifically recognize β-galactoside bonds and play essential roles in many biological processes. In this study, we researched the sequence characteristics and immune-related function of Galectin-8 gene in Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus, named PoGalectin-8. The results showed that the open reading frame of PoGalectin-8 was 891 bp, which encoding a protein with 296 amino acid residues and containing typical HXNPR and WGXEE motifs in the N-terminal and C-terminal CRD domains. Sequence alignment showed that PoGalectin-8 was conserved in different aquatic animals and exhibited the highest similarity (95.27%) with Seriola dumerili. PoGalectin-8 expressed in all detected tissues and exhibited the highest expression level in spleen, followed by skin and kidney. After infected by Edwardsiella tarda, the expression of PoGalectin-8 was down-regulated in the spleen and skin tissues of P. olivaceus. Further to study its immune-related functions, the recombinant PoGalectin-8 (rPoGalectin-8) was expressed and purified. The rPoGalectin-8 can specifically bind to lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan, the main components of cell walls from Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Bacteria binding and the microbial agglutinating experiments showed that the rPoGalectin-8 could bind and agglutinate all examined Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. This study implied that PoGalectin-8, as a pattern recognition receptor, may play important roles during immune responses against bacterial infection, which laid a foundation for further functional identification of Galectin-8 in aquatic animal immunity.

Keywords: Edwardsiella tarda; Galectin-8; Immune responses; Paralichthys olivaceus.

MeSH terms

  • Adaptive Immunity / genetics
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Base Sequence
  • Edwardsiella tarda / physiology
  • Enterobacteriaceae Infections / immunology
  • Fish Diseases / immunology*
  • Fish Proteins / chemistry
  • Fish Proteins / genetics
  • Fish Proteins / immunology
  • Flatfishes / genetics*
  • Flatfishes / immunology*
  • Galectins / chemistry
  • Galectins / genetics*
  • Galectins / immunology*
  • Gene Expression Profiling / veterinary
  • Gene Expression Regulation / immunology*
  • Immunity, Innate / genetics*
  • Phylogeny
  • Sequence Alignment / veterinary

Substances

  • Fish Proteins
  • Galectins