Objective: This study analyzed two xenogenous biomaterials based on deproteinized bovine bone mineral applied for maxillary sinus elevation. Method and materials: Fourteen patients were submitted to maxillary sinus augmentation with one of the following biomaterials: Criteria Lumina Bone Porous (test group) or Geistlich Bio-Oss (control group), both of large granules (1 to 2 mm). After 6 months, trephine biopsies were collected at the time of implant placement: 27 samples (11 patients) in the test group; 7 samples (3 patients) in the control group. Biopsies were analyzed by descriptive histology and histomorphometry, in which the percentages of newly formed bone, residual biomaterial particles, and connective tissue were evaluated. Results: Histomorphometry showed means for test and control groups, respectively, of 32.41% ± 9.42% and 26.59% ± 4.88% for newly formed bone, 22.89% ± 4.58% and 25.00% ± 4.81% for residual biomaterial, and 44.70% ± 9.54% and 48.41% ± 3.36% for connective tissue. There were no differences between groups (P > .05). Conclusion: This study concluded that Criteria Lumina Bone Porous presented similar histologic and histomorphometric characteristics to Geistlich Bio-Oss 6 months after sinus elevation surgery, identifying the tested biomaterial as an interesting alternative for bone augmentation in the maxillary sinus.
Keywords: biomaterials; bone grafting; bone substitutes; clinical study; histomorphometry; maxillary sinus elevation.