LMTK2 as Potential Biomarker for Stratification between Clinically Insignificant and Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer

Alvydas Vezelis; Julija Simiene; Daiva Dabkeviciene; Marius Kincius; Albertas Ulys; Kestutis Suziedelis; Sonata Jarmalaite; Feliksas Jankevicius

doi:10.1155/2021/8820366

LMTK2 as Potential Biomarker for Stratification between Clinically Insignificant and Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer

J Oncol. 2021 Jan 5:2021:8820366. doi: 10.1155/2021/8820366. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Alvydas Vezelis¹, Julija Simiene^{1

2}, Daiva Dabkeviciene¹, Marius Kincius¹, Albertas Ulys¹, Kestutis Suziedelis^{1

2}, Sonata Jarmalaite^{1

2}, Feliksas Jankevicius^{1

3}

Affiliations

¹ National Cancer Institute, Santariskiu Street 1, Vilnius, LT 08660, Lithuania.
² Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio Ave., 7, Vilnius, LT 08412, Lithuania.
³ Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Santariskių Street 2, Vilnius, LT 08661, Lithuania.

Abstract

A set of prostate tumors tend to grow slowly and do not require active treatment. Therefore, stratification between patients with clinically significant and clinically insignificant prostate cancer (PC) remains a vital issue to avoid overtreatment. Fast development of genetic technologies accelerated development of next-generation molecular tools for reliable PC diagnosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of molecular biomarkers (CRISP3, LMTK2, and MSMB) for separation of PC cases from benign prostatic changes and more specifically for identification of clinically significant PC from all pool of PC cases in patients with rising PSA levels. Patients (n = 200) who had rising PSA (PSA II) after negative transrectal systematic prostate biopsy due to elevated PSA (PSA I) were eligible to the study. In addition to PSA concentration, PSA density was calculated for each patient. Gene expression level was measured in peripheral blood samples of cases applying RT-PCR, while MSMB (-57 C/T) polymorphism was identified by pyrosequencing. LMTK2 and MSMB significantly differentiated control group from both BPD and PC groups. MSMB expression tended to increase from the major alleles of the CC genotype to the minor alleles of the TT genotype. PSA density was the only clinical characteristic that significantly differentiated clinically significant PC from clinically insignificant PC. Therefore, LMTK2 expression and PSA density were significantly distinguished between clinically significant PC and clinically insignificant PC. PSA density rather than PSA can differentiate PC from the benign prostate disease and, in combination with LMTK2, assist in stratification between clinically insignificant and clinically significant PC.