Dietary variety is associated with sleep efficiency in urban-dwelling older adults: A longitudinal study

Kaori Yamamoto; Keiko Motokawa; Takahiro Yoshizaki; Tomohiro Yano; Hirohiko Hirano; Yuki Ohara; Maki Shirobe; Misato Hayakawa; Hiroki Inagaki; Shuichi Awata; Shoji Shinkai; Yutaka Watanabe

doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.10.013

Dietary variety is associated with sleep efficiency in urban-dwelling older adults: A longitudinal study

Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2021 Feb:41:391-397. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.10.013. Epub 2020 Dec 9.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Graduate School of Food and Nutritional Science, Toyo University, 1-1-1, Izumino, Itakura-machi, Ora-gun, Gunma, 374-0193, Japan; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2, Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan.
² Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2, Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan. Electronic address: kemotokawa@gmail.com.
³ Graduate School of Food and Nutritional Science, Toyo University, 1-1-1, Izumino, Itakura-machi, Ora-gun, Gunma, 374-0193, Japan.
⁴ Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2, Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan.
⁵ Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2, Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan; Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21, Chiyoda, Sakado-city, Saitama, 350-0288, Japan.
⁶ Graduate School of Food and Nutritional Science, Toyo University, 1-1-1, Izumino, Itakura-machi, Ora-gun, Gunma, 374-0193, Japan; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2, Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan; Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, 7-13, Kita-ku, Sapporo-city, Hokkaido, 060-8586, Japan.

PMID: 33487295
DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.10.013

Abstract

Background & aims: Improving sleep quality is important for an aging society. However, no study has been conducted on the association between dietary variety and sleep efficiency among older Japanese adults using longitudinal data. The current study is a longitudinal study that aimed to elucidate the association between dietary variety and sleep efficiency in older Japanese adults.

Methods: This study was conducted among older adults (≥70 years old in 2016) in the metropolitan area of Tokyo, Japan, between 2016 and 2018. Dietary variety score (DVS) and sleep efficiency were determined for all participants and were used to assess dietary habits and sleep quality, respectively. A cross-lagged panel analysis was used to consider the prospective associations between DVS and sleep efficiency, and this analysis was performed before and after adjusting for possible covariates in the 2016 data.

Results: After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, current drinking status, current smoking status, exercise habits, living (alone or with others) style, the Japanese version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (Short Form), sleep duration and retiring time the DVS in 2016 predicted the sleep efficiency in 2018 (β = 0.130, p < 0.05).

Conclusion: The possibility that DVS can predict sleep efficiency 2 years later was demonstrated.

Keywords: Dietary variety; Longitudinal study; Older adult; Sleep quality.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Aged
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diet*
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Sleep*
Urban Population