Rhinitis-and especially allergic rhinitis (AR)-remains the most frequent hypersensitivity condition, affecting up to a quarter of the population and impacting the quality of life of individual patients and the health economy. Data, especially with respect to underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms, mainly derive from studies on adults and are subsequently extrapolated to the pediatric population. Therapeutic algorithms for children with rhinitis are long based on the same principles as in adults. We explore and describe novel aspects of rhinitis, ranging from mechanisms to disease classification, phenotypes, diagnostic and monitoring tools, and the use of treatments, with a focus on the traits of pediatric age groups.
Keywords: allergen immunotherapy; allergic rhinitis; local allergic rhinitis; management of rhinitis; non-allergic rhinitis; pathophysiology of rhinitis.
© 2021 EAACI and John Wiley and Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd.