Objective: To explore the diagnosis and clinical features of internal carotid artery aneurysm in the skull base. Methods: The data of 15 patients with internal carotid aneurysms in the skull base diagnosed and treated by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) or CT angiography (CTA) in the Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University from 1995 to 2017 were collected and analyzed. Among the 15 patients, 12 were males, and 3 were females, aging from 17 to 67 years old, with a median age of 44 years. Thirteen patients were diagnosed by DSA; the other two patients were diagnosed by CTA. Thirteen patients were diagnosed with pseudoaneurysm with the first symptom of epistaxis, in which eight patients underwent head trauma and 5 underwent radiotherapy of skull base tumor. The other two patients were diagnosed with true aneurysm presented headache and cranial nerve disorder. All patients were followed up for 2 to 12 years after treatment to see whether they were cured and survived. Results: Among the eight patients with a history of trauma, five patients were cured by embolization, two patients without embolization died of massive epistaxis, one patient died of progressive cerebral infarction after embolization. Among the five patients with radiotherapy of skull base tumor, one patient died of cerebral infarction after embolization, two patients died out of the hospital due to the recurrence of the primary tumor and intracranial invasion, one patient recovered well after embolization and surgical operation, one patient gave up treatment and died of massive hemorrhage out of hospital. In the other two patients with symptom of headache, one received embolization treatment outside the hospital after receiving mistake operation, and another one gave up treatment and died due to personal reasons. In total, four patients died in hospital, four died out of the hospital, and seven patients survived. Conclusions: Internal carotid artery aneurysm is a high-risk disease of anterior and middle skull base. For patients with epistaxis with a history of trauma and radiotherapy or patients with headaches and cranial nerve disorders, the possibility of the internal carotid artery aneurysm should be considered, in which DSA or CTA examination is essentially required for ensured diagnosis and disease evaluation.. The correct diagnosis and treatment by the otolaryngologist are crucial to the prognosis of the patient.
目的： 探讨颅底颈内动脉瘤的诊断和临床特点。 方法： 收集山东第一医科大学附属省立医院1995—2017年接受数字减影血管造影（DSA）或CT血管造影（CTA）检查确诊的15例颅底颈内动脉瘤患者的临床资料进行分析。15例患者中男12例，女3例；年龄17~67岁，中位年龄44岁。15例患者中DSA确诊13例，CTA确诊2例；首发症状为鼻出血的假性动脉瘤13例，其中有明确的头面部外伤史8例，颅底肿瘤放疗史5例；头痛伴颅神经障碍的真性动脉瘤2例。15例患者采用栓塞和/或手术修复等治疗，所有患者治疗后随访2~12年，观察患者是否治愈及存活状态。 结果： 8例外伤史患者中5例行血管栓塞治疗痊愈；2例患者未行血管栓塞，之后因大量鼻出血死亡；1例血管栓塞术后出现进行性脑梗死，之后死亡。5例颅底肿瘤放疗后患者，1例行血管栓塞后脑梗死，之后死亡；2例行血管栓塞后因原发肿瘤复发侵及颅内，于院外死亡；1例行血管栓塞联合手术治疗恢复良好；1例放弃治疗，院外大出血死亡。首诊为头痛的2例患者，1例误行手术致鼻出血后于院外行血管栓塞治疗；1例因个人原因放弃治疗死亡。总计院内死亡4例，院外死亡4例，生存7例。 结论： 颈内动脉瘤是颅底病变中的高危疾病，伴有外伤、放疗史的鼻出血及头痛伴颅神经障碍的患者应考虑颈内动脉瘤可能，需行DSA、CTA检查进行确诊。耳鼻咽喉科医生正确诊断与治疗对患者预后至关重要。.