The antifouling properties of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-silane amphiphiles as surface-modifying additives (SMAs) in a condensation cure silicone have been previously demonstrated against simple protein solutions. Comprising an oligo(dimethylsiloxane) tether (m = 13 or 30) and PEO segment (n = 8), sustained protein resistance was achieved even in the absence of a cross-linkable triethoxysilane group, particularly when comprising the longer tether. To probe their potential for thromboresistance, PEO-silane amphiphile SMAs were used to bulk-modify silicones and evaluated for adhesion resistance against whole human blood under both static and dynamic conditions. Both a cross-linkable (XL diblock, m = 13) and a non-cross-linkable (Diblock, m = 30) SMA were evaluated at various concentrations (5-50 μmol SMA/g silicone) in a condensation cure silicone. Under static conditions, silicones modified with either SMA at concentrations of 10 μmol/g or greater were effective in reducing adhesion of human fibrinogen and platelets. Dynamic testing further showed that modified silicones were able to reduce protein adsorption and thrombus formation. This occurred at 5 and 10 μmol/g for silicones modified with XL diblock, m = 13 and Diblock, m = 30 SMAs, respectively. Combined, these results indicate the effectiveness of PEO-silane amphiphiles as SMAs in silicone for improved thromboresistance.
Keywords: Chandler loop; amphiphile; antifouling; poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO); surface-modifying additive (SMA); whole human blood.