Objective: To summarize the prevention and treatment of iatrogenic medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries in total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
Methods: The relevant literature about iatrogenic MCL injuries in TKA was summarized, and the symptoms, causes, preventions, and treatments were analyzed.
Results: Preventions on the iatrogenic MCL injuries in TKA is significantly promoted. With the occurrence of MCL injuries, the femoral avulsion can be fixed with the screw and washer or the suture anchors; the tibial avulsion can be treated with the suture anchors fixation, bone staples fixation, or conservative treatment; the mid-substance laceration can be repaired directly; the autologous quadriceps tendon, semitendinosus tendon, or artificial ligament can be used for the patients with poor tissue conditions or obvious residual gap between the ligament ends; the use of implant with greater constraint can be the last alternative method.
Conclusion: No consensus has been reached to the management of iatrogenic MCL injuries in TKA. Different solutions and strategies can be integrated and adopted flexibly by surgeons according to the specific situation.
目的: 对人工全膝关节置换术（total knee arthroplasty，TKA）中医源性内侧副韧带（medial collateral ligament，MCL）损伤的防治方法进行总结。.
方法: 广泛查阅国内外相关文献，总结 TKA 术中医源性 MCL 损伤的表现、原因、预防与诊治方法。.
结果: TKA 术中预防医源性 MCL 损伤发生是关键。MCL 一旦发生损伤，股骨附着点撕脱伤建议采用螺钉垫圈或缝线锚钉固定；胫骨附着点撕脱伤利用缝线锚钉固定、骑缝钉修复或保守治疗；体部撕裂伤可以直接缝合修复，针对软组织条件差、韧带断端间隙明显患者，建议采用自体股四头肌腱、半腱肌腱或人工韧带重建；增加假体限制性可作为最后的补救方法。.
结论: 目前 TKA 术中医源性 MCL 损伤处理方法各有利弊，尚未达成一致结论，术者可根据具体情况选择治疗策略。.
Keywords: Total knee arthroplasty; iatrogenic injury; medial collateral ligament; prevention and treatment.