Purpose: Benefit finding (BF) represents possible positive changes that people may experience after cancer diagnosis and treatment and has proven to be valuable to the psychological outcome. Knowledge of such beneficial consequences of prostate cancer (PCa) is limited in long-term survivors (> 5 years). Thus, the present study investigated the occurrence of benefit finding (BF) and its determinants in a large sample of (very-) long-term PCa survivors.
Methods: BF was assessed in 4252 PCa survivors from the German database "Familial Prostate Cancer" using the German version of the Benefit Finding Scale (BFS). Associations between BF and sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial (e.g., depressive and anxiety symptoms and perceived severity of the disease experience) variables were analyzed using hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis.
Results: Mean age at survey was 77.4 years (SD = 6.2) after a mean follow-up of 14.8 years (SD = 3.8). Mean BFS score was 3.14 (SD = 1.0); the prevalence of moderate-to-high BF (score ≥ 3) was 59.7%. Younger age at diagnosis, lower educational level, and higher perceived severity of the disease experience were predictive of BF. Objective disease severity or family history of PCa was not uniquely associated with BF.
Conclusions: BF occurs in older, (very-) long-term PCa survivors. Our findings suggest that the self-asserted severity of the disease experience in a patient's biography is linked to BF in the survivorship course above all tangible sociodemographic and clinical factors.
Implications for cancer survivors: PCa survivors may express BF regardless of clinical disease severity. Treating urologists should consider inquiring BF to enrich a patient's cancer narrative.
Keywords: Benefit finding; Cancer survivor; Posttraumatic growth; Prostate cancer; Urological malignancy.