The Association Between Age and Prognosis in Patients Under 45 Years of Age With Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis

Yueqian Sun; Guoping Ren; Jiechuan Ren; Wei Shan; Xiong Han; Yajun Lian; Tiancheng Wang; Qun Wang

doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.612632

The Association Between Age and Prognosis in Patients Under 45 Years of Age With Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis

Front Neurol. 2020 Dec 29:11:612632. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.612632. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Yueqian Sun¹, Guoping Ren^{1

2}, Jiechuan Ren^{1

2}, Wei Shan^{1

2

3}, Xiong Han⁴, Yajun Lian⁵, Tiancheng Wang⁶, Qun Wang^{1

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
² China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
³ Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.
⁴ Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.
⁵ Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
⁶ Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the association between age and prognosis in patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (anti-NMDARE) under the age of 45 years. A retrospective study was conducted in patients younger than 45 years diagnosed as anti-NMDARE in four hospitals in China. Age at admission was divided into four categories: <15, 15-24, 25-34, 35-45 years. Neurological prognosis was evaluated using modified Rankin Scale. Adjusted multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of prognosis in anti-NMDARE across the categories of age were as follows: in males, 1.00 (reference), 4.76 (0.39-58.76), 13.50 (0.79-230.40), and 8.81 (0.36-218.39) (P for trend = 0.171); in females, 1.00 (reference), 7.27 (0.36-146.19), 20.08 (1.09-370.39), and 54.41 (1.60-1,849.10) (P for trend = 0.01). We concluded that the increasing age was associated with a poorer prognosis of anti-NMDARE in females but not males.

Keywords: age; anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis; gender; modified Rankin Scale; prognosis.