Double-Stranded RNA Immunomodulators in Prostate Cancer

Urol Clin North Am. 2020 Nov;47(4S):e1-e8. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2020.10.003.

Abstract

Relatively simple, synthetic, double-stranded RNAs can be powerful viral pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) mimics, inducing a panoply of antiviral and antitumor responses that act at multiple stages of host defense. Their mechanisms of action and uses are beginning to be understood, alone, in combination with other therapeutics, or as novel PAMP-adjuvants providing the critical danger signal that has been missing from most cancer and other modern vaccines. Dose, timing, route of administration combinations, and other clinical variables can have a critical impact on immunogenicity. This article reviews advances in the use of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid and derivatives, in particular poly-ICLC.

Keywords: Immunotherapy; Poly-ICLC; Prostate cancer; dsRNA.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adjuvants, Immunologic / physiology
  • Adjuvants, Immunologic / therapeutic use*
  • Cancer Vaccines / immunology
  • Cancer Vaccines / therapeutic use
  • Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium / analogs & derivatives*
  • Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium / therapeutic use
  • Clinical Trials as Topic
  • Humans
  • Immunologic Factors / immunology
  • Immunologic Factors / therapeutic use*
  • Male
  • Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules / immunology
  • Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules / therapeutic use
  • Poly I-C / immunology
  • Poly I-C / therapeutic use*
  • Polylysine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Polylysine / immunology
  • Polylysine / therapeutic use
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / immunology
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / therapy*
  • RNA, Double-Stranded / immunology
  • RNA, Double-Stranded / therapeutic use*

Substances

  • Adjuvants, Immunologic
  • Cancer Vaccines
  • Immunologic Factors
  • Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules
  • RNA, Double-Stranded
  • Polylysine
  • poly ICLC
  • Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium
  • Poly I-C