Discovery of indole-3-butyric acid derivatives as potent histone deacetylase inhibitors

J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem. 2021 Dec;36(1):425-436. doi: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1870457.

Abstract

In discovery of HDAC inhibitors (HDACIs) with improved anticancer potency, structural modification was performed on the previous derived indole-3-butyric acid derivative. Among all the synthesised compounds, molecule I13 exhibited high HDAC inhibitory and antiproliferative potencies in the in vitro investigations. The IC50 values of I13 against HDAC1, HDAC3, and HDAC6 were 13.9, 12.1, and 7.71 nM, respectively. In the cancer cell based screening, molecule I13 showed increased antiproliferative activities in the inhibition of U937, U266, HepG2, A2780, and PNAC-1 cells compared with SAHA. In the HepG2 xenograft model, 50 mg/kg/d of I13 could inhibit tumour growth in athymic mice compared with 100 mg/kg/d of SAHA. Induction of apoptosis was revealed to play an important role in the anticancer potency of molecule I13. Collectively, a HDACI (I13) with high anticancer activity was discovered which can be utilised as a lead compound for further HDACI design.

Keywords: Histone deacetylase; anticancer; indole; inhibitor.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / chemical synthesis
  • Antineoplastic Agents / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Discovery*
  • Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / chemical synthesis
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Histone Deacetylases / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Indoles / chemical synthesis
  • Indoles / chemistry
  • Indoles / pharmacology*
  • Isoenzymes / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Isoenzymes / metabolism
  • Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / drug therapy
  • Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / metabolism
  • Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / pathology
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Nude
  • Molecular Structure
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors
  • Indoles
  • Isoenzymes
  • indolebutyric acid
  • Histone Deacetylases

Grants and funding

This work was supported by Science and Technology Support Plan for Youth Innovation in Universities of Shandong Province [Grant No. 2019KJM001], Natural Foundation of Shandong Province [Youth Found, Grant No. ZR2019QH005], and National Natural Science Foundation of China [Youth Found, Grant No. 81803343].