Photodynamic therapy associated final irrigation in root canals of the primary teeth

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze, in vitro, the reduction of Enterococcus faecalis in root canals of primary teeth after final irrigation and photodynamic therapy (PDT) use. Twenty primary molars were contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis. The teeth were randomly distributed into four groups according to the irrigation solutions and PDT use: G1 (Saline solution and no PDT use), G2 (17 % EDTA and no PDT use), G3 (Saline solution and PDT use) and G4 (17 % EDTA and PDT use). For PDT, 0.005 % toluidine blue was chosen as the photosensitizer, which was inserted in the canals with sterile paper cones. Bacterial counts were performed with a BHI test in blood agar plate, where bacteria were collected inside the canal for 30 s using sterile paper cones. The collection took place before and after the irrigation and PDT protocols. The samples were diluted, spread onto a blood agar plate and then incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. There was a reduction of the microbiota from the irrigation solutions before and after the final irrigation for all groups. It was observed a statistically significant reduction (p < 0,05) when PDT was used (97.6 % at the saline solution and 89.8 % at the 17 % EDTA) when compared to the groups with no PDT use. Our data demonstrated that PDT, according to the parameters used, increased the disinfection performance of the solutions tested in the root canals of primary teeth.

Keywords: Endodontic treatment; Enterecoccus faecalis; Photodynamic therapy; Primary teeth.