An Update on the Epidemiology, Molecular Characterization, Diagnosis, and Screening Strategies for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer

Gastroenterology. 2021 Mar;160(4):1041-1049. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.12.068. Epub 2021 Jan 5.

Abstract

Rising trends in the incidence and mortality of early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) in those who are younger than 50 years have been well established. These trends have spurred intense investigation focused on elucidating the epidemiology and characteristics of early-onset CRC, as well as on identifying strategies for early detection and prevention. In this review, we provide a contemporary update on early-onset CRC with a particular focus on epidemiology, molecular characterization, red flag signs and symptoms, and screening for early-onset CRC.

Keywords: Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer; Epidemiology; Red Flags.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Age of Onset
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics*
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / epidemiology*
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / genetics
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / prevention & control
  • Early Detection of Cancer / methods
  • Early Detection of Cancer / standards*
  • Humans
  • Mass Screening / methods
  • Mass Screening / standards*
  • Microsatellite Instability
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • Precision Medicine / methods
  • Precision Medicine / standards
  • Risk Factors
  • Triage / standards

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor