Circulating Monocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Are Elevated and Associated with Poor Prognosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

J Immunol Res. 2020 Dec 21:2020:7363084. doi: 10.1155/2020/7363084. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

Background: Monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs) characterized with the phenotype of CD14+HLA-DRlow/- have attracted a lot of attention in the field of human tumor immunology. However, little is known about the roles of M-MDSCs in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) as opposed to their multiple roles in solid tumors.

Methods: We examined the frequencies of M-MDSCs identified for CD14+HLA-DRlow/- by flow cytometry in the peripheral circulating blood of 109 newly diagnosed adult patients with AML and 30 healthy controls (HC). Then, we, respectively, validated the clinic significance of circulating M-MDSCs on the relevance of spectral features for diagnostic stratification, induction therapy response, treatment effect maintenance, and long-term survival in AML.

Results: Circulating M-MDSC frequencies of AML were significantly higher than those of HC both in CD14+ monocytes (46.22% ± 2.95% vs. 1.07% ± 0.17%, p < 0.01) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) (4.21% ± 0.80% vs. 0.17% ± 0.03%, p < 0.01). Elevated circulating M-MDSCs in patients with AML were significantly associated with low complete remission (CR) rate, high relapse/refractory rate, and poor long-term survival, but had no correlation with common clinic risks and cytogenetic molecular risk categories.

Conclusions: It was demonstrated that circulating M-MDSCs are elevated and associated with poor prognosis in AML, suggesting M-MDSCs might be a prognostic indicator for AML.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biomarkers
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Female
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Humans
  • Immunophenotyping
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / diagnosis
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / immunology*
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / mortality*
  • Leukocyte Count*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells / immunology*
  • Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells / metabolism
  • Prognosis
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Biomarkers