Amino Acid Catabolism During Nitrogen Limitation in Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Yufang Pan; Fan Hu; Chen Yu; Chenjie Li; Teng Huang; Hanhua Hu

doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.589026

Amino Acid Catabolism During Nitrogen Limitation in Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Front Plant Sci. 2020 Dec 17:11:589026. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.589026. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Yufang Pan¹, Fan Hu², Chen Yu^{1

3}, Chenjie Li^{1

3}, Teng Huang^{1

3}, Hanhua Hu¹

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
² School of Foreign Languages, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China.
³ University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

Abstract

Diatoms can accumulate high levels of triacylglycerols (TAGs) under nitrogen depletion and have attracted increasing attention as a potential system for biofuel production. In Phaeodactylum tricornutum, a model diatom, about 40% of lipid is synthesized from the breakdown of cellular components under nitrogen starvation. Our previous studies indicated that carbon skeletons from enhanced branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) degradation under nitrogen deficiency contribute to TAG biosynthesis in P. tricornutum. In this review, we outlined the catabolic pathways of all 20 amino acids based on the genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome data. The contribution of these amino acid catabolic pathways to TAG accumulation was also analyzed.

Keywords: amino acid; catabolism; diatom; nitrogen; triacylglycerols.

Publication types

Review