Aqueous Oxytetracycline and Norfloxacin Sonocatalytic Degradation in the Presence of Peroxydisulfate with Multilayer Sheet-Like Zinc Oxide

J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2021 Mar 1;21(3):1653-1658. doi: 10.1166/jnn.2021.19024.

Abstract

Multilayer ZnO sheet-like flakes were synthesized by a simple method of precipitation and characterized by the techniques of X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The findings are proven that the SEM images show the overall morphology of a single sheet-like ZnO nanostructure made from uniformly thick nano-sheets. In an aqueous environment, the acoustic ability of the prepared material was assessed using ultrasound (US) radiation to degrade oxytetracycline (OTC) and norfloxacin (NF). To increase the degradation efficiency, a US/ZnO/peroxodisulfate system was developed by introducing ammonium persulfate ((NH₄)₂S₂O8) and sodium persulfate (Na₂S₂O8), exhibiting excellent synergistic effects. Result show the decomposition efficiency for NF removal with Na₂S₂O8 (64%) appeared to be slightly better than with (NH₄)₂S₂O8 (56%). By contrast, the ultrasonic catalytic efficiency of Na₂S₂O8 (98%) was slightly better than that of (NH₄)₂S₂O8 (94%) for OTC removal. The addition of scavengers to the US/ZnO/peroxodisulfate system through the NF and OTC results in the largest effect of holes. The degradation is considered to be often caused by holes. In this system, the Na₂S₂O8 can have two roles to increase the rate of degradation: (1) The SO₄- formed by Na₂S₂O8 under ultrasonic irradiation directly degraded to norfloxacin on ZnO surface; and (2) S₂O82- behaved as an electron acceptor, inhibiting recombination of electron hole pairs, enabling the development of more ·OH. Therefore, the synergistic effect significantly increases US/ZnO/peroxodisulfate sonocatalytic activity (Hu, S.B., et al., 2017. Aqueous norfloxacin sonocatalytic degradation with multilayer flower-like ZnO in the presence of peroxydisulfate. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 38(1), pp.446-454).

MeSH terms

  • Catalysis
  • Norfloxacin
  • Oxytetracycline*
  • Water
  • Zinc Oxide*

Substances

  • Water
  • Norfloxacin
  • Zinc Oxide
  • Oxytetracycline