Cross-Talk Between the Adenylyl Cyclase/cAMP Pathway and Ca2+ Homeostasis

Rev Physiol Biochem Pharmacol. 2021:179:73-116. doi: 10.1007/112_2020_55.

Abstract

Cyclic AMP and Ca2+ are the first second or intracellular messengers identified, unveiling the cellular mechanisms activated by a plethora of extracellular signals, including hormones. Cyclic AMP generation is catalyzed by adenylyl cyclases (ACs), which convert ATP into cAMP and pyrophosphate. By the way, Ca2+, as energy, can neither be created nor be destroyed; Ca2+ can only be transported, from one compartment to another, or chelated by a variety of Ca2+-binding molecules. The fine regulation of cytosolic concentrations of cAMP and free Ca2+ is crucial in cell function and there is an intimate cross-talk between both messengers to fine-tune the cellular responses. Cancer is a multifactorial disease resulting from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Frequent cases of cAMP and/or Ca2+ homeostasis remodeling have been described in cancer cells. In those tumoral cells, cAMP and Ca2+ signaling plays a crucial role in the development of hallmarks of cancer, including enhanced proliferation and migration, invasion, apoptosis resistance, or angiogenesis. This review summarizes the cross-talk between the ACs/cAMP and Ca2+ intracellular pathways with special attention to the functional and reciprocal regulation between Orai1 and AC8 in normal and cancer cells.

Keywords: Adenylyl cyclase 8; Cancer; Inactivation; Orai1α; Store-operated calcium entry.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adenylyl Cyclases* / metabolism
  • Calcium / metabolism
  • Calcium Signaling*
  • Cyclic AMP / metabolism
  • Homeostasis

Substances

  • Cyclic AMP
  • Adenylyl Cyclases
  • Calcium