DJ-1 Regulates Microglial Polarization Through P62-Mediated TRAF6/IRF5 Signaling in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion

Tingting Wang; Na Zhao; Li Peng; Yumei Li; Xiaohuan Huang; Jin Zhu; Yanlin Chen; Shanshan Yu; Yong Zhao

doi:10.3389/fcell.2020.593890

DJ-1 Regulates Microglial Polarization Through P62-Mediated TRAF6/IRF5 Signaling in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion

Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020 Dec 17:8:593890. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.593890. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Tingting Wang^{1

2

3}, Na Zhao^{1

2

3}, Li Peng^{1

2

3}, Yumei Li^{1

2

3}, Xiaohuan Huang^{1

2

3}, Jin Zhu^{1

2

3}, Yanlin Chen^{1

2

3}, Shanshan Yu^{1

2

3}, Yong Zhao^{1

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
² Molecular Medical Laboratory, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
³ Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.

Abstract

The polarization of microglia/macrophage, the resident immune cells in the brain, plays an important role in the injury and repair associated with ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Previous studies have shown that DJ-1 has a protective effect in cerebral I/R. We found that DJ-1 regulates the polarization of microglial cells/macrophages after cerebral I/R and explored the mechanism by which DJ-1 mediates microglial/macrophage polarization in cerebral I/R. Middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) and oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) models were used to simulate cerebral I/R in vivo and in vitro, respectively. DJ-1 siRNA and the DJ-1-based polypeptide ND13 were used to produce an effect on DJ-1, and the P62-specific inhibitor XRK3F2 was used to block the effect of P62. Enhancing the expression of DJ-1 induced anti-inflammatory (M2) polarization of microglia/macrophage, and the expression of the anti-inflammatory factors IL-10 and IL-4 increased. Interference with DJ-1 expression induced pro-inflammatory (M1) polarization of microglia/macrophage, and the expression of the proinflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β increased. DJ-1 inhibited the expression of P62, impeded the interaction between P62 and TRAF6, and blocked nuclear entry of IRF5. In subsequent experiments, XRK3F2 synergistically promoted the effect of DJ-1 on microglial/macrophage polarization, further attenuating the interaction between P62 and TRAF6.

Keywords: DJ-1; ND13; P62; TRAF6-IRF5; XRK3F2; ischemia-reperfusion injury; microglial/macrophage polarization.