Effect of resin infiltration application on early proximal caries lesions in vitro

Omar Abd El Sadek El Meligy; Najlaa Mohammed Alamoudi; Shimaa Tag Eldin Ibrahim; Osama Mahmood Felemban; Amani Ahmed Al-Tuwirqi

doi:10.1016/j.jds.2020.04.005

Effect of resin infiltration application on early proximal caries lesions in vitro

J Dent Sci. 2021 Jan;16(1):296-303. doi: 10.1016/j.jds.2020.04.005. Epub 2020 May 1.

Authors

Omar Abd El Sadek El Meligy^{1

2}, Najlaa Mohammed Alamoudi¹, Shimaa Tag Eldin Ibrahim¹, Osama Mahmood Felemban¹, Amani Ahmed Al-Tuwirqi¹

Affiliations

¹ Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
² Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.

Abstract

Background/purpose: Resin infiltration (RI) material ICON is used in treating early proximal caries lesions, as it depends on a micro-invasive infiltration technology. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of ICON resin infiltration (RI) on early proximal caries by comparing surface roughness and hardness before and after treatment with RI using atomic force microscopy (AFM), automated microhardness testing system (AMHTS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in vitro.

Materials and methods: Twenty seven premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons were sectioned buccolingually, creating 54 specimens. Each specimen was immersed in demineralizing solution to induce caries. Only teeth with "International Caries Detection and Assessment System" codes 1 and 2 were selected. The specimens were divided randomly into either AFM, AMHTS or SEM groups, which examined demineralized enamel before and after treatment with ICON.

Results: The mean average surface roughness and root mean square roughness values of demineralized enamel treated with ICON were significantly higher than untreated lesions (P < 0.001). The mean Vickers hardness values for demineralized enamel treated with ICON was significantly higher than untreated lesions (P < 0.001). SEM showed irregular, pitted and rough demineralized enamel surface with destruction of enamel rods and dissolution of enamel crystals. After ICON application, the surface showed complete blockage of enamel rods with RI and irregular, rough uneven topography.

Conclusion: RI application on proximal incipient caries increased surface roughness and hardness significantly.

Keywords: Caries infiltration; Carious lesions; Dental caries; Icon; Resin infiltration.