Objective: To explore the incidence, clinical characteristics, management strategies and reproductive outcomes of cesarean scar pregnancies (CSP) after in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Methods: The patients who were diagnosed with CSP followed IVF/ET in the Center for Reproductive Medicine of Peking University Third Hospital between April 1, 2010 and March 31, 2020 were included. The clinical data of each patient were analyzed retrospectively. Results: There were a total of 1 441 patients with secondary infertility complicated with a history of cesarean section and achieved clinical pregnancy after IVF-ET treatments, of which CSP accounted for 1.94% (28/1 441). The average age of CSP patients was (34±3) years old, and 50.0% (14/28) of the patients had a history of artificial abortion. The incidence of CSP in embryo transfers at the cleavage stage had no significantly difference from transfers at the blastocyst stage (1.74% vs 2.20%, χ(2)=0.408, P=0.523), and the incidence of CSP in fresh embryo transfers had no significantly difference from frozen-thawed embryo transfers (1.77% vs 2.23%, χ(2)=0.372, P=0.542). The average gestational age at diagnosis was (47±6) days. According to the classification based on imaging examination during early pregnancy, a case of type Ⅰ CSP received expectant treatment and achieved live birth at third trimester of pregnancy. Two cases of heterotopic cesarean scar pregnancy underwent transvaginal selective reduction of CSP, and intrauterine pregnancies were followed by live births at third trimester of pregnancy. One case of type Ⅲ CSP underwent laparoscopic CSP excision and uterine repair, and 24 patients with type Ⅰ or type Ⅱ CSP underwent hysteroscopic CSP excision with/without uterine artery embolization. After CSP treatment, 5 patients achieved clinical pregnancy through embryo transfer, all of which were normal intrauterine pregnancy followed by term live birth. Conclusions: Color ultrasonography should be performed during early pregnancy to confirm the occurrence of CSP in patients receiving IVF-ET after previous cesarean section. Treatment of CSP should be individualized, and patients with Type Ⅰ CSP who are strictly selected have the opportunity for expectant treatment.
目的： 探讨体外受精-胚胎移植（IVF-ET）后剖宫产瘢痕妊娠（CSP）的发病率、临床特点、诊疗策略及再妊娠结局。 方法： 回顾性分析北京大学第三医院妇产科生殖医学中心2010年4月1日至2020年3月31日实施IVF-ET后发生CSP患者的临床资料。 结果： 继发不孕合并瘢痕子宫（子宫下段剖宫产术史）、经IVF-ET助孕后获得临床妊娠的患者共1 441例，其中CSP患者占比1.94%（28/1 441）。CSP患者年龄（34±3）岁，有人工流产史患者占50.0%（14/28）。卵裂胚移植、囊胚移植后CSP发病率分别为1.74%、2.20%，差异无统计学意义（χ(2)=0.408，P=0.523）。新鲜周期移植、解冻周期移植后CSP发病率分别为1.77%、2.23%，差异亦无统计学意义（χ(2)=0.372，P=0.542）。CSP诊断时平均孕龄为（47±6）d。根据早孕期影像学检查分型，1例CSP-Ⅰ型患者采取期待治疗，妊娠至晚孕期活产；2例宫内妊娠合并CSP患者采取经阴道选择性减胎术，宫内妊娠至晚孕期活产；1例CSP-Ⅲ型患者行腹腔镜妊娠组织清除+子宫修补术，24例CSP-Ⅰ型或Ⅱ型患者行宫腔镜妊娠组织清除术±子宫动脉栓塞术；5例患者在CSP治疗后经再次胚胎移植助孕并获临床妊娠，均为正常宫内妊娠并足月活产。 结论： 剖宫产术后再妊娠经IVF-ET助孕者，早孕期应行彩色超声检查明确有无CSP发生。CSP治疗应个体化实施，严格选择的CSP-Ⅰ型患者有期待治疗机会。.
Keywords: Cesarean section; Cicatrix; In vitro fertilization-embryo transfer; Incidence rate; Pregnancy.