Association of serum periostin levels with clinical features in children with asthma

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of serum periostin levels with clinical features in children with asthma.

Methods: Children with physician-diagnosed asthma who attended regularly to an outpatient pediatric allergy and asthma center were enrolled in the study along with control subjects. Asthma severity and control status of the patients were evaluated according to the recent GINA guidelines.

Results: A total of 158 children (125 with asthma and 33 age- and sex-matched control subjects) with a median age of 10.2 years (range 5.9-17.0) were enrolled. Asthma severity was mild in 41 (32.8%), moderate in 63 (50.4%), and severe in 21 (16.8%) children. Children with asthma had significantly higher periostin levels than controls (53.1 ± 13.1 vs 43.0 ± 11.2 ng/mL, P < .001). The mean serum periostin levels in children with severe asthma (63.8 ± 10.8) were significantly higher than in children with moderate asthma (53.3 ± 12.7) and mild asthma (47.4 ± 11.1) (P < .001). Results of multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated an association between serum periostin levels and asthma severity in children (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.04-1.15, P < .001). When analyzed for the best cut-off value with the highest combined sensitivity and specificity, a cut-off value of 52 ng/mL for serum periostin level was obtained with sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of 100%, 50%, 29%, and 100%, respectively.

Conclusion: Although serum periostin levels are higher in children with asthma, its diagnostic role in identifying children with severe asthma is limited.

Keywords: asthma; biomarker; children; periostin; severe asthma.