Bin-based genome-wide association studies reveal superior alleles for improvement of appearance quality using a 4-way MAGIC population in rice

Mohammed Ayaad; Zhongmin Han; Kou Zheng; Gang Hu; Mahmoud Abo-Yousef; Sobeih El S Sobeih; Yongzhong Xing

doi:10.1016/j.jare.2020.08.001

Bin-based genome-wide association studies reveal superior alleles for improvement of appearance quality using a 4-way MAGIC population in rice

J Adv Res. 2020 Aug 11:28:183-194. doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.08.001. eCollection 2021 Feb.

Authors

Mohammed Ayaad^{1

2}, Zhongmin Han¹, Kou Zheng¹, Gang Hu¹, Mahmoud Abo-Yousef³, Sobeih El S Sobeih², Yongzhong Xing¹

Affiliations

¹ National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China.
² Plant Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Abo-Zaabal 13759, Egypt.
³ Rice Research and Training Center, Agriculture Research Center, Sakha 33717, Egypt.

Abstract

Introduction: The multiparental population provides us the chance to identify superior alleles controlling a trait for genetic improvement. Genome wide association studies at bin level (bin-GWAS) are expected to be more power in QTL mapping than GWAS at SNP level (SNP-GWAS).

Objectives: This study is to estimate genetic effects of QTL conferring grain appearance quality in rice by SNP-GWAS and bin-GWAS, compare their power in QTL mapping and identify the superior alleles of all detected QTL from 4 parents for genetic improvement.

Methods: A 4-way MAGIC population and its four founders were cultivated in two environments to dissect the genetic basis of rice grain appearance quality. Both SNP-GWAS and bin-GWAS were conducted for QTL mapping. Multiple comparison among 4 parental bin/alleles was used to identify the superior alleles.

Results: A total of 16 and 20 QTL associated with grain appearance quality were identified by SNP- and bin-GWAS, respectively. A minor chalkiness QTL qPGWC8.2/qDEC8 was assigned to a 30-kb genomic region, in which OsMH_08T0121900 is the potential candidate gene because its encoded protein, glucan endo-1,3-beta-glucosidase precursor is involved in the starch and sucrose metabolism pathway. The superior parental alleles for GS3, GL3.1, GW5, GW7, and Chalk5 and two QTLs were almost carried by the high-quality parents Cypress and Yuejingsimiao (YJSM), while the poor-quality parent Guichao-2 (GC2) always carried the inferior alleles. The top five recombinant inbred lines with the highest quality of grain shape and chalkiness traits all carried gene combinations of superior alleles.

Conclusions: Both SNP- and bin-GWAS methods are encouraged for joint QTL mapping with MAGIC population. qPGWC8.2/qDEC8 is a novel candidate gene strongly associated with chalkiness. The superior alleles of GS3, GW5, GL3.1, GW7, Chalk5 and qPGWC8.2 were identified, and the pyramiding of these superior alleles is helpful to improve rice appearance quality.

Keywords: Bin-GWAS; Chalkiness; Grain shape; Multiple comparisons; Superior allele.