Biogenic platinum from agricultural wastes extract for improved methanol oxidation reaction in direct methanol fuel cell

N A I M Ishak; S K Kamarudin; S N Timmiati; N A Karim; S Basri

doi:10.1016/j.jare.2020.06.025

Biogenic platinum from agricultural wastes extract for improved methanol oxidation reaction in direct methanol fuel cell

J Adv Res. 2020 Jul 2:28:63-75. doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.06.025. eCollection 2021 Feb.

Authors

N A I M Ishak¹, S K Kamarudin^{1

2}, S N Timmiati¹, N A Karim¹, S Basri¹

Affiliations

¹ Fuel Cell Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
² Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.

Abstract

Platinum is the most commonly used catalyst in fuel cell application. However, platinum is very expensive, thus limits the commercialisation of fuel cell system due to the cost factor. This study introduces a biosynthesis platinum from plant extracts that can reduce the cost of platinum production compared to the conventional method and the hazardous during the production of the catalyst. The biogenic platinum was tested on a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell. Advanced biogenic of Pt nano-cluster was synthesized through a novel and facile of one-pot synthesis bio-reduction derived from natural source in the form of plant extracts as reducing agent. Several selected plant extracts drawn from agricultural waste such as banana peel, pineapple peels and sugarcane bagasse extracts were comparatively evaluated on the ability of phytochemical sources of polyphenols rich for the development of single-step synthesis for Pt NPs. Notably, the biogenic Pt NPs from sugar cane bagasse has superior electro-catalytic activity, the enhanced utilization efficiency of Pt and appreciable stability towards methanol oxidation reaction, whose ECSA value approximates 94.58 m²g^-1, mass activity/specific activity (398.20 mAmg^-1/0.8471 mA/cm² _Pt) which greater than commercial Pt black (158.12 mAmg^-1/1.41 mA/cm² _Pt).

Keywords: Agriculture Waste; Biogenic Platinum; Catalyst; Direct Methanol fuel cell.