Objective: of this study was to determine the levels of radionuclides in the rescuers' bodies of the SES during firefighting in the exclusion zone of the Chornobyl nuclear power plant and to assess the dose of internal radiation dueto this receipt.
Materials and methods: From 06.04.2020 to 19.05.2020 in the State Institution «National Research Center forRadiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine» (NRCRM) measurements of the contentof incorporated gamma radionuclides on whole body counters (WBC) operational class «Screener-3M» (Minimumdetected activity (MDA) is 300-500 Bq for 5 minutes of measurement at 137Cs) and expert high-sensitivity WBC (MDAis 20 Bq for 10 minutes of measurement at 137Cs). 470 people (523 measurements) in three groups of personnel ofthe SES of Ukraine who took part in the forest fire liquidation in the exclusion zone in the period from April 4 toMay 5, 2020 were examined. Mathematical and spectrometric methods are used in the work.
Results and conclusions: In the vast majority (95 %) of the personnel of the SES of Ukraine, examined at the WBCoperational class «Screener-3M» (more than 500 measurements), the assessment of the values of the individualeffective dose of internal radiation due to 137Cs in the body during firefighting, assuming that it receipt occurredduring operation in the exclusion zone, did not exceed the minimum dose detected by MDD (5-14 μSv). The average value of the effective dose of internal radiation in the group of personnel of the State Emergency Service ofUkraine in Kyiv, which participated in the elimination of forest fires in the exclusion zone from April 4 to May 5, 2020(26 people) studied at the expert WBC, is 2.5 ± 1.1 μSv, in the group of personnel of the SES of Ukraine in Cherkasyregion, which participated in the fire on April 19-24, 2020 (9 people) - 2.2 ± 0.6 μSv, in the group of personnel ofthe SES of Ukraine in the Kyiv region, which took part in the elimination of the forest fire in the exclusion zone onApril 4 - May 5, 2020 (42 people) - 4.4 ± 2.4 μSv. Maximum values of 5.1 μSv, 3.5 μSv, 11.8 μSv in the groups ofKyiv city, Cherkasy and Kyiv regions, respectively, which is much lower than the basic dose limit for the populationfrom man-made sources of 1000 μSv · year-1 according to the Law of Ukraine about protection of the person againstinfluence of ionizing radiation.
Meta: vyznachennia rivniv nadkhodzhennia radionuklidiv v organizm riatuval'nykiv Derzhavnoï sluzhby z nadzvychaĭnykh sytuatsiĭ (DSNS) pry gasinni pozhezhi u zoni vidchuzhennia ChAES ta otsinka dozy vnutrishn'ogo oprominennia, obumovlenoï tsym nadkhodzhenniam.Materialy i metody. Z 06.04.2020 r. po 19.05.2020 r. u Derzhavniĭ ustanovi «Natsional'nyĭ naukovyĭ tsentrradiatsiĭnoï medytsyny Natsional'noï akademiï medychnykh nauk Ukraïny» (NNTsRM) provedeno vymiriuvannia vmistuinkorporovanykh gamma-radionuklidiv na lichyl'nykakh vyprominiuvannia liudyny (LVL) operatyvnogo klasu«Skrynner-3M» (minimal'no-detektovana aktyvnist' (MDA) skladaie 300–500 Bk za 5 khvylyn vymiriuvannia po 137Cs)ta ekspertnomu vysokochutlyvomu LVL (MDA skladaie 20 Bk za 10 khvylyn vymiriuvannia po 137Cs). Obstezheno 470osib (523 vymiry) u tr'okh grupakh osobovogo skladu DSNS Ukraïny, iakyĭ brav uchast' u likvidatsiï lisovoï pozhezhi vzoni vidchuzhennia u period z 04 kvitnia po 05 travnia 2020 roku. V roboti vykorystano matematychni, spektrometrychni metody.Rezul'taty ta vysnovky. U perevazhnoï bil'shosti (95 %) osobovogo skladu DSNS Ukraïny, obstezhenykh na LVLoperatyvnogo klasu «Skrynner-3M» (ponad 500 vymiriv), otsinka znachen' indyvidual'noï efektyvnoï dozyvnutrishn'ogo oprominennia, obumovlenoï nadkhodzhenniam 137Cs v organizm pry gasinni pozhezhi, u prypushchenni, shcho tsenadkhodzhennia vidbulos' pid chas roboty u zoni vidchuzhennia, ne perevyshchyla minimal'nu dozu, shcho detektuiet'sia MDD(5–14 mkZv). Serednie znachennia efektyvnoï dozy vnutrishn'ogo oprominennia u grupi osobovogo skladu GU DSNSUkraïny v m. Kyievi, iakyĭ brav uchast' u likvidatsiï lisovoï pozhezhi v zoni vidchuzhennia 04 kvitnia – 05 travnia 2020 r.(26 osib), doslidzhenykh na ekspertnomu LVL, stanovyt' (2,5 ± 1,1) mkZv, u grupi osobovogo skladu DSNS Ukraïny uCherkas'kiĭ oblasti, iakyĭ brav uchast' u likvidatsiï pozhezhi 19–24 kvitnia 2020 r. (9 osib) – (2,2 ± 0,6) mkZv, u grupiosobovogo skladu GU DSNS Ukraïny u Kyïvs'kiĭ oblasti, iakyĭ brav uchast' u likvidatsiï lisovoï pozhezhi v zoni vidchuzhennia 04 kvitnia – 05 travnia 2020 r. (42 osoby) – (4,4 ± 2,4) mkZv. Maksymal'ni znachennia 5,1 mkZv, 3,5 mkZv,11,8 mkZv u grupakh m. Kyieva, Cherkas'koï ta Kyïvs'koï oblasteĭ vidpovidno, shcho znachno nyzhche, nizh osnovna dozova mezha dlia naselennia vid tekhnogennykh dzherel 1000 mkZv · rik-1 za Zakonom Ukraïny pro zakhyst liudyny vid vplyvu ionizuiuchogo vyprominiuvannia.
Keywords: 137Сs; Chornobyl Exclusion Zone; forest fire; internal irradiation; whole body counters.
D. A. Bazyka, P. A. Fedirko, V. V. Vasylenko, O. O. Kolosynska, Z. S. Yaroshenko, M. S. Kuriata, M. S. Kramarenko, G. M. Zadorozhna, V. B. Berkovskyy, G. G. Ratia, N. I. Iskra.