Localized therapy using anti-PD-L1 anchored and NIR-responsive hollow gold nanoshell (HGNS) loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) for the treatment of locally advanced melanoma

Nanomedicine. 2021 Apr:33:102349. doi: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102349. Epub 2021 Jan 9.

Abstract

Drug resistance and inefficient localization of chemotherapeutic agent limit the current treatment strategy in locally advanced melanoma (MEL), accounting to the 10-year survival rate from 24% to 68%. In this study we constructed anti-PD-L1 conjugated and doxorubicin loaded hollow gold nanoshell (T-HGNS-DOX) for targeted and localized chemo-photothermal therapy of MEL by the conjugation of LA-PEG-anti-PD-L1 antibody and short PEG chain on the surface of HGNS-DOX. Near infrared (NIR) as well as pH dependent drug release profile was observed. Significant uptake of DOX following NIR due to high PD-L1 receptors resulted in pronounced anticancer effect of T-HGNS-DOX. Following intratumoral administration, maximum nanoparticles retention with the significant reduction in tumor growth was observed as a result of elevated apoptosis marker (cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP) as well as downregulation of proliferative (Ki-67) and angiogenesis marker (CD31). Cumulatively, our system avoids the systemic toxicities of the nanosystem thereby providing maximum chemotherapeutic retention in tumor.

Keywords: Chemo-photothermal; Hollow gold nanoshells; Immunoreactivity; Melanoma; PD-L1.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / chemistry*
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / metabolism
  • Antineoplastic Agents / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / pharmacology
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Membrane Permeability
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Doxorubicin / chemistry*
  • Doxorubicin / pharmacology
  • Drug Compounding
  • Drug Liberation
  • Gold / chemistry*
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Male
  • Melanoma / drug therapy*
  • Melanoma / radiotherapy*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Molecular Targeted Therapy
  • Nanocapsules / chemistry*
  • Nanoshells / chemistry*
  • Photosensitizing Agents / chemistry
  • Photosensitizing Agents / pharmacology
  • Phototherapy
  • Surface Properties

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Nanocapsules
  • Photosensitizing Agents
  • atezolizumab
  • Gold
  • Doxorubicin