Bioactive dammarane triterpenoid saponins from the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus

Abstract

Thirteen undescribed dammarane triterpenoid saponins (cypaliurusides A-M), including eleven seco-dammarane type triterpenoids, were isolated from Cyclocarya paliurus. Each of these compounds has the unique feature of having a monosaccharide attached to C-11, rather than C-12, compared to the same type of saponins found in this plant. The structures of them were determined by comprehensive analysis of 1D, 2D NMR and HRESIMS data. Cypaliuruside J showed significant α-glucosidase inhibitory effect with IC₅₀ value of 2.22 ± 0.13 μM. In addition, Cypaliurusides F and K exhibited modest cytotoxic activities against selected human cancer cell lines in vitro, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 4.61 ± 0.13 to 15.23 ± 3.88 μM.

Keywords: Cyclocarya paliurus (Batalin) iljinsk.; Cypaliurusides A–M; Dammarane triterpenoid saponin; Juglandaceae.