Measuring ocular torsion and its variations using different nonmydriatic fundus photographic methods

PLoS One. 2020 Dec 22;15(12):e0244230. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244230. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

Purpose: To compare the variations in ocular torsion measurements made using different fundus photographic methods.

Methods: We enrolled subjects with three conditions: (1) patients with intermittent exotropia (IXT) (n = 44), (2) patients with unilateral superior oblique palsy (SOP) (n = 10), and (3) normal subjects as controls (n = 85). Ocular torsion was measured by disc-center-fovea angle (DFA) using three different imaging modalities: (1) conventional fundus photography (CFP) with a 45° field of view (FV), (2) wide-field fundus photography (WFP) with a 200° FV, and (3) optical coherence tomography (OCT) with a 55° FV.

Results: In the IXT group, the DFAs in the right and left eyes were 5.70±3.35° and 6.37±3.36°, respectively, for CFP, 8.39±5.24° and 8.61±3.67° for WFP, and 5.73±3.61° for 6.16±3.50° for OCT. In the SOP group, the DFAs in paretic and nonparetic eyes were 12.19±1.69° and 6.71±1.09°, respectively, for CFP, 14.29±2.36° and 8.23±3.31° for WFP, and 12.12±1.73° and 6.91±1.12° for OCT. In the control group, the DFAs in the right and left eyes were 5.39±2.65° and 5.71±3.16°, respectively, for CFP, 8.77±5.56° and 8.90±6.24° for WFP, and 5.27±2.67° and 5.72±3.20° for OCT. There was no difference between the results from CFP and OCT among the three groups. However, the torsional angle was larger when measured using WFP than the other two photographic methods (CFP and OCT) in all three groups (all p<0.05).

Conclusion: The ocular torsion measurement varies with the fundus photographic method used to measure it. Clinicians should be careful to avoid overestimating ocular extorsion when it is evaluated using WFP.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological
  • Eye Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Eye Diseases / surgery
  • Eye Movements*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Fundus Oculi*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Tomography, Optical Coherence / methods*
  • Torsion Abnormality / diagnosis*
  • Young Adult

Grants and funding

•Initials of the authors who received each award: H Kang •Grant numbers awarded to each author: 2020R1I1A3075301 •The full name of each funder: Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education •URL of each funder website: www.nrf.re.krwww.moe.go.kr •Did the sponsors or funders play any role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript: The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.