Hunting down the X17 boson at the CERN SPS

Abstract

Recently, the ATOMKI experiment has reported new evidence for the excess of $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ events with a mass $\sim$ 17 MeV in the nuclear transitions of ${}^4$ He, that they previously observed in measurements with ${}^8$ Be. These observations could be explained by the existence of a new vector $X17$ boson. So far, the search for the decay $X17\to e^{+}{e}^{-}$ with the NA64 experiment at the CERN SPS gave negative results. Here, we present a new technique that could be implemented in NA64 aiming to improve the sensitivity and to cover the remaining $X17$ parameter space. If a signal-like event is detected, an unambiguous observation is achieved by reconstructing the invariant mass of the $X17$ decay with the proposed method. To reach this goal an optimization of the $X17$ production target, as well as an efficient and accurate reconstruction of two close decay tracks, is required. A dedicated analysis of the available experimental data making use of the trackers information is presented. This method provides independent confirmation of the NA64 published results [1], validating the tracking procedure. The detailed Monte Carlo study of the proposed setup and the background estimate show that the goal of the proposed search is feasible.