Objective: To estimate cancer incidence and mortality of kidney and unspecified urinary organs in China using cancer registry data in 2015. Methods: The cancer registry data from 501 local cancer registries in China were collected, checked and assessed based on the criteria of data quality control of the National Central Cancer Registry of China (NCCRC), and data from 368 registries were qualified for the analysis. Cancer incidence and mortality rates of kidney and unspecified urinary organs stratified by geographical location (eastern, middle, western areas), gender, age groups were calculated. Population data of 2015 was used to estimate the cancer cases and deaths of kidney and unspecified urinary organs in China. Chinese standard population in 2000 and Segi's world population were used for the calculation of age-standardized incidence and mortality rates. Results: A total of 74.2 thousand new cancer cases of kidney and unspecified urinary organs were diagnosed in 2015, 46.9 thousand of them were male, while 27.3 thousand were female, with a crude incidence rate of 5.40/10(5). The age-standardized incidence rates by Chinese (ASIRC) and world standard population (ASIRW) were 3.57/10(5) and 3.56/10(5), respectively. A total of 53.4 thousand and 20.8 thousand new cases were diagnosed in urban and rural area, with incidence rates of 6.93/10(5) and 3.45/10(5), respectively. The ASIRC of urban area was higher than that of rural area. There were 39.2 thousand, 20.6 thousand, and 14.4 thousand new cases diagnosed in eastern, middle, and western areas of China, respectively. The crude incidence rates were 7.60/10(5), 4.47/10(5), and 3.63/10(5), respectively, with a descend ASIRC of each area. A total of 27.1 thousand death cases reported, of them 16.9 thousand were male, while 10.2 thousand were female, with a crude mortality rate of 1.97/10(5), both of the ASIRC and ASMRW were 1.21/10(5). The deaths of urban and rural area were 19.5 thousand and 7.6 thousand cases, with the crude mortality rates of 2.53/10(5) and 1.26/10(5), respectively. The ASIRC of urban area was higher than that of rural area. There were 13.4 thousand, 8.4 thousand, and 5.1 thousand death cases reported in eastern, middle, and western areas, respectively, the crude mortality rates were 2.61/10(5), 1.83/10(5) and 1.30/10(5), respectively, with a descend ASIRC of each area. Conclusion: The disease burden of kidney cancer differs between urban area and rural area, and differs among eastern, middle, and western areas of China, therefore, different prevent and treatment strategies should be taken in different areas of China.
目的： 根据全国肿瘤登记地区肾及泌尿系统其他癌发病死亡数据估算全国2015年肾及泌尿系统其他癌的发病与死亡情况。 方法： 按照全国肿瘤登记中心制定的审核方法和评价标准评估全国501个肿瘤登记处上报的2015年肿瘤登记数据，共368个肿瘤登记处的数据符合纳入标准。提取肾及泌尿系统其他癌(ICD10：C64-C66，C68)数据，按地理位置(东部、中部、西部)、城乡、性别、年龄分层计算发病率和死亡率，结合2015年全国人口数据估算全国肾及泌尿系统其他癌发病、死亡人数。人口标准化率按照2000年中国标准人口结构(中标率)和Segi′s世界标准人口结构(世标率)进行计算。 结果： 2015年全国肾及泌尿系统其他癌新发病例数为7.42万例，其中男性4.69万例，女性2.73万例，发病率为5.40/10万，中标率为3.57/10万，世标率为3.56/10万。城市地区和农村地区新发病例数分别为5.34万例和2.08万例，发病率分别为6.93/10万和3.45/10万，中标率城市地区高于农村地区。东部地区、中部地区和西部地区新发病例数分别为3.92万例、2.06万例和1.44万例，发病率分别为7.60/10万、4.47/10万和3.63/10万，中标率依次降低。2015年全国肾及泌尿系统其他癌死亡病例数为2.71万例，其中男性1.69万例，女性1.02万例，死亡率为1.97/10万，中标率和世标率均为1.21/10万。城市地区和农村地区死亡病例数分别为1.95万例和0.76万例，死亡率分别为2.53/10万和1.26/10万，中标率城市地区高于农村地区。东部地区、中部地区和西部地区死亡病例数分别为1.34万例、0.84万例和0.51万例，死亡率分别为2.61/10万、1.83/10万和1.30/10万，中标率依次降低。 结论： 中国肾及泌尿系统其他癌疾病负担在城市地区和农村地区之间以及东部地区、中部地区和西部地区之间存在差异，应根据各地区实际情况开展有针对性的肿瘤防治工作。.
Keywords: Cancer registration; China; Incidence; Kidney neoplasms; Mortality.