Galangin Attenuates Isoproterenol-Induced Inflammation and Fibrosis in the Cardiac Tissue of Albino Wistar Rats

Radhiga Thangaiyan; Sundaresan Arjunan; Kanimozhi Govindasamy; Haseeb A Khan; Abdullah S Alhomida; Nagarajan Rajendra Prasad

doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.585163

Galangin Attenuates Isoproterenol-Induced Inflammation and Fibrosis in the Cardiac Tissue of Albino Wistar Rats

Front Pharmacol. 2020 Nov 30:11:585163. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.585163. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Radhiga Thangaiyan¹, Sundaresan Arjunan², Kanimozhi Govindasamy³, Haseeb A Khan⁴, Abdullah S Alhomida⁴, Nagarajan Rajendra Prasad¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Tamilnadu, India.
² CAS in Marine Biology, Department of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Tamilnadu, India.
³ Department of Biochemistry, Dharmapuram Gnanambigai Government Arts College for Women, Tamilnadu, India.
⁴ Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Galangin (GA) is an active flavonoid of the rhizome of Alpinia galanga that belongs to the ginger family. GA exhibit potent anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, we evaluated the preventive effects of GA against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced inflammation and myocardial fibrosis in male albino Wistar rats. We found that GA (1 mg/kg b.wt.) pretreatment attenuated the ISO-mediated (5 mg/kg b.wt. for 14 consecutive days) elevation of heart rate, activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase-MB (CKMB) in the rat serum. We also noticed that GA prevented the ISO-mediated cardiac markers i.e. cardiac troponin T and I (cTnT and cTnI) expression in the serum of rats. Further, GA pretreatment prevented ISO-mediated lipid peroxidation and diminished blood pressure and loss of antioxidants status in the heart tissue of ISO treated rats. In addition, GA treatment modulates ISO-induced alterations the expressions of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1), p-AKT, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (p-GSK-3β) and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) in the heart tissue. Furthermore, molecular analysis (PCR array and western blot) revealed that GA pretreatment prevented inflammation and fibrosis related gene expression pattern in ISO-induced rats. Taken together, the results indicate the cardioprotective effect of GA against ISO-induced inflammation and fibrosis. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of GA could be considered for its cardioprotective effect in the ISO-treated rats.

Keywords: antioxidant; cardiac tissue; fibrosis; galangin; inflammation; isoproterenol.