Which Parameters of Beat-to-Beat Blood Pressure Best Predict Poor In-Hospital Outcome in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage?

Zhen-Ni Guo; Yang Qu; Hailili Reziya; Jia Liu; Xiu-Li Yan; Peng Zhang; Pan-Deng Zhang; Shuang Qi; Yi Yang

doi:10.3389/fnagi.2020.603340

Which Parameters of Beat-to-Beat Blood Pressure Best Predict Poor In-Hospital Outcome in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage?

Front Aging Neurosci. 2020 Nov 19:12:603340. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.603340. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Zhen-Ni Guo^{1

2

3}, Yang Qu^{1

2

3}, Hailili Reziya^{1

2

3}, Jia Liu⁴, Xiu-Li Yan^{1

2

3}, Peng Zhang^{1

2

3}, Pan-Deng Zhang⁴, Shuang Qi^{1

2

3}, Yi Yang^{1

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurology, Stroke Center & Clinical Trial and Research Center for Stroke, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
² China National Comprehensive Stroke Center, Changchun, China.
³ Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease, Changchun, China.
⁴ Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.

Abstract

Objective: There is increasing evidence that high blood pressure (BP) levels and BP variability (BPV) over 24 h or longer are associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The objective of this study was to examine the association between different beat-to-beat BP parameters and in-hospital outcomes. Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of acute spontaneous ICH were recruited consecutively and prospectively between September 2018 and January 2019. Beat-to-beat recordings were measured non-invasively for 5 min within the first 72 h after the onset of symptoms. BPV was analyzed by standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), average real variability (ARV), and variation independent of mean (VIM). Outcome was assessed at discharge using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between BP levels, BPV, and clinical outcomes. Results: A total of 66 patients were included, of whom 34 had poor outcomes (mRS score, 3-6). Patients with poor outcomes had significantly higher National Institute of Health Stroke Scale scores (4.5 vs. 9, p < 0.001), a larger ICH volume (8 vs. 14.5 mL, p = 0.004), and an increased systolic BP (SBP) -CV (3.2 vs. 4.8, p < 0.001) and diastolic BP (DBP) -CV (3.7 vs. 4.9, p = 0.015). After adjustment for major covariates, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that SBP-CV was independently associated with an increased risk of poor in-hospital outcomes [odds ratio (OR) 2.535; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.211-5.305; p = 0.014]. The receiver operating characteristic area for SBP-CV in predicting poor in-hospital outcome was 0.827 (95% CI, 0.730-0.925; p < 0.001), and the best cutoff point was 3.551 (sensitivity, 82.35%; specificity, 68.75%). Conclusion: A higher beat-to-beat BPV in the first 72 h of admission was associated with unfavorable in-hospital outcomes in patients with ICH. The stabilization of BPV during the acute phase may be a therapeutic target; this could be tested in future clinical trials.

Keywords: blood pressure; blood pressure variability; intracerebral hemorrhage; outcome; stroke.