The role of DNA damage and repair in liver cancer

Rhys Gillman; Kylie Lopes Floro; Miriam Wankell; Lionel Hebbard

doi:10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188493

The role of DNA damage and repair in liver cancer

Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer. 2021 Jan;1875(1):188493. doi: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188493. Epub 2020 Dec 13.

Authors

Rhys Gillman¹, Kylie Lopes Floro², Miriam Wankell³, Lionel Hebbard⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, College of Public Health, Medical, and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
² Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, College of Public Health, Medical, and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia; Department of Radiation Oncology, Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
³ Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, College of Public Health, Medical, and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia; Australian Institute for Tropical Health and Medicine, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
⁴ Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, College of Public Health, Medical, and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia; Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Australian Institute for Tropical Health and Medicine, Townsville, Queensland, Australia. Electronic address: lionel.hebbard@jcu.edu.au.

PMID: 33316376
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188493

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma is rapidly becoming a major cause of global mortality due to the ever-increasing prevalence of obesity. DNA damage is known to play an important role in cancer initiation, however DNA repair systems are also vital for the survival of cancer cells. Given the function of the liver and its exposure to the gut, it is likely that DNA damage and repair would be of particular importance in hepatocellular carcinoma. However, many contemporary reports have neglected the role of individual pathways of DNA damage and repair in their hypotheses. This review, therefore, aims to provide a concise overview for researchers in the field of liver cancer to understand the pathways of DNA damage and repair and their individual roles in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Keywords: DNA repair; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Polymorphism; Synthetic lethality.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / genetics*
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / pathology
DNA Damage / genetics*
DNA Repair / genetics*
Humans
Liver Neoplasms / genetics*
Liver Neoplasms / pathology