The dialog between neurons and microglia in Alzheimer's disease: The neurotransmitters view

J Neurochem. 2021 Sep;158(6):1412-1424. doi: 10.1111/jnc.15262. Epub 2021 Jan 4.

Abstract

Microglia play a vital role in maintaining brain homeostasis. Their continuous sensing of surrounding micro-environments is crucial for their activity. Cross talk between specific neurons and microglia might occur through specific neurotransmitter receptors on microglia. Impairment with this interaction might result in pathological activity of microglia against potential insults. The reason for this activity in many neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) is not known. However, several papers report of the effects of different neurotransmitter agonists on microglial cells function that relate to their activity in AD. This review aims to summarize those works and to raise potential fundamental questions for future research.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; Microglia; animal model; inflammation; neuro-inflammation; neurodegeneration; neurotransmitter.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alzheimer Disease / metabolism*
  • Alzheimer Disease / pathology
  • Animals
  • Humans
  • Microglia / metabolism*
  • Microglia / pathology
  • Neurons / metabolism*
  • Neurons / pathology
  • Neurotransmitter Agents / metabolism*
  • Receptors, Cholinergic / metabolism

Substances

  • Neurotransmitter Agents
  • Receptors, Cholinergic