A combination of stem cells, scaffold materials, nanoparticles (NPs), and physiological factors can be used to engineer a tissue that can replace or improve the function of the damaged tissue. This study was designed to assess whether astragaloside (aS)-IV-activated rat bonemarrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), seeded on a nano-biological mesh composed of small intestinal submucosa (SIS) modified with poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) NPs (PLGA-NPs-SIS), can promote cell engraftment, proliferation, and mesh incorporation into the tissue upon implantation. aS-IV-induced BMSCs cultured with PLGA-NPs-SIS showed enhanced viability and proliferation as well as reduced apoptosis. Vascular endothelial growth factor, type I and II collagen, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 were upregulated, whereas matrix metalloproteinase and interleukin-6 were downregulated in these BMSCs. Pre-seeded BMSCs induced with aS-IV engrafted in a rat abdominal wall defect model showed migratory and proliferative capacities while enhancing vascularity at the musculofascial/graft interface. These findings imply that the nano-biological mesh composed of aS-IV-induced BMSCs seeded on PLGA-NPs-SIS can be used for abdominal wall reconstruction.
Keywords: Astragaloside IV; abdominal wall reconstruction; bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell; poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticle; tissue engineerin.
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