Background: The safety of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for asymptomatic common bile duct (CBD) stones patients has not been thoroughly elucidated. This study attempted to compare the incidence and severity of ERCP complications in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients with CBD stones and to provide evidence for the treatment of asymptomatic CBD stones.
Methods: The clinical data of patients were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were divided into the asymptomatic CBD stones group and the symptomatic CBD stones group. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to match the two groups. The incidence and severity of postoperative complications of ERCP in the two groups were analyzed.
Results: A total of 79 patients who had asymptomatic CBD stones and 795 patients who had symptomatic CBD stones were included in this study. After PSM, 79 patients from the asymptomatic CBD group and 316 patients from the symptomatic CBD stones group were identified. Before and after PSM, no significant differences in the incidence and severity of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) were noted between the two groups (p > .05). In addition, no differences in the incidence and severity of other complications, including acute cholangitis, bleeding and perforation, between the two groups were observed before and after PSM (p > .05).
Conclusions: Patients with asymptomatic CBD stones do not exhibit an increased risk of ERCP-related complications compared with those with symptomatic CBD stones. ERCP was observed to be equally safe and efficacious for patients with asymptomatic versus symptomatic CBD stones.
Keywords: Common bile duct stone; complication; endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; propensity score matching.