Altered Functional Connectivity Differences in Salience Network as a Neuromarker of Suicide Risk in Euthymic Bipolar Disorder Patients

Anna Maria Sobczak; Bartosz Bohaterewicz; Tadeusz Marek; Magdalena Fafrowicz; Dominika Dudek; Marcin Siwek; Anna Tereszko; Anna Krupa; Amira Bryll; Adrian Andrzej Chrobak

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2020.585766

Altered Functional Connectivity Differences in Salience Network as a Neuromarker of Suicide Risk in Euthymic Bipolar Disorder Patients

Front Hum Neurosci. 2020 Nov 13:14:585766. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.585766. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroergonomics, Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
² Department of Psychology of Individual Differences, Psychological Diagnosis, and Psychometrics, Institute of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland.
³ Department of Adult Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
⁴ Department of Affective Disorders, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
⁵ Chair of Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
⁶ Chair of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.

Abstract

Objective: The occurrence of death by suicide in patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder is as much as 60 times greater than in the general population. Even during the state of euthymia patients are characterized by suicide risk. The aim of the study is to investigate the baseline brain activity in euthymic bipolar disorder patients in regard to suicide risk. We hypothesized that patients compared to healthy control group will demonstrate altered functional connectivity among resting state networks which will be directly related to current suicide risk.

Method: 41 subjects were enrolled in the study consisting control group (n = 21) and euthymic bipolar disorder patients group (n = 20). Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to evaluate resting state brain activity and ROI-ROI functional connectivity analysis was performed. Suicidal risk was estimated using The Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised.

Results: A two sample t-test revealed decreased functional connectivity between regions involved in the salience network in patients compared to the control group. This decrease was negatively correlated with current suicide risk.

Conclusion: Obtained results suggest the association between risk of suicide and activity of regions responsible for functions such as learning from mistakes, prospective thinking, and sensory integration.

Keywords: bipolar disorder; euthymia; fMRI; functional connectivity; neuroimaging; resting state; suicidal risk; suicide.