Small cell lung cancer belongs to neuroendocrine tumors and is the most malignant one in lung cancer. It possesses clinical features such as rapid growth, easy early metastasis, and poor prognosis. PET/CT is a molecular imaging technique that combines morphological and metabolic imaging. It has been widely used in the diagnosis, staging, treatment planning, efficacy and prognosis evaluation of tumors. This article reviews the efficacy, prognostic parameters, evaluation criteria, possible influencial factors, clinical application and value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET/CT in small cell lung cancer. The accuracy and sensitivity of 18F-FDG PET/CT in small cell lung cancer stage, efficacy and prognosis evaluation are significantly higher than those of traditional imaging methods. Maximal standardized uptake, metabolic tumor volume, and total lesion glycolysis have been applied in efficacy and prognosis prediction, which have important value in developing the personalized treatment and improving the survival for small cell lung cancer patient.
小细胞肺癌属于神经内分泌肿瘤，是肺癌中恶性程度最高的一种，具有生长快、易早期转移、预后差等临床特征。PET/CT是融形态与代谢显像于一体的分子影像技术，目前已被临床广泛应用于肿瘤的诊断、分期、治疗方案的制订、疗效及预后评估等方面。本文主要综述18F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖(18F-fluorodeoxyglucose，18F-FDG) PET/CT对小细胞肺癌疗效和预后的评价方法、评价参数、评价标准、影响因素、临床应用及其价值。18F-FDG PET/CT在小细胞肺癌的分期、疗效和预后评价上的准确度、灵敏度明显高于传统影像学方法，其主要的代谢参数最大标准摄取值、肿瘤代谢体积、病灶糖酵总量被应用到疗效与预后预测中，对制订小细胞肺癌患者的个性化治疗方案及改善生存有重要价值。.
Keywords: 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and computed tomography; evaluation of curative effect; prognosis assessment; small cell lung cancer.