Determination of environmental properties and toxicity of octyl-dimethyl-para-aminobenzoic acid and its degradation products

Waldemar Studziński; Alicja Gackowska; Edyta Kudlek

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123856

Determination of environmental properties and toxicity of octyl-dimethyl-para-aminobenzoic acid and its degradation products

J Hazard Mater. 2021 Feb 5:403:123856. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123856. Epub 2020 Sep 5.

Authors

Waldemar Studziński¹, Alicja Gackowska², Edyta Kudlek³

Affiliations

¹ Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, UTP University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland. Electronic address: Wademar.Studzinski@utp.edu.pl.
² Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, UTP University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
³ Institute of Water and Wastewater Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.

PMID: 33264932
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123856

Abstract

Octyl-dimethyl-para-aminobenzoic acid (ODPABA) is one of compounds of emerging concern. It undergoes transformations under the influence of oxidizing or chlorinating agents and UV radiation forming products with different properties. There is very little experimental data concerning the environmental fate of ODPABA and its transformation products. Therefore, the purpose of the studies was to determine environmental parameters: water solubility, soil - water partition coefficient, octanol - air partition coefficient, bioconcentration factor as well as half-life in air, water and soil. Based on the results obtained, the persistence and migration possibilities of ODPABA and its transformation products in the aquatic environment were estimated. Moreover, the ecological toxicity of oxidation and chlorination products was investigated. Microtox®, Daphtoxkit F® and Artoxkit M® tests were used to determine toxicity. LC₅₀ for Fish and Daphnia magna was calculated by Ecosar module. Studies have shown that as a result of ODPABA transformations, chloroorganic products are formed, which are lipophilic, are bioconcentrated in organic matter, are characterized by significant environmental persistence, can spread over considerable distances and are toxic. Oxidation products have significantly smaller impact on the environment. They are characterized by higher water solubility, lower bioconcentration factor and are less toxic.

Keywords: Bioconcentation; ODPABA; POV and LRTP; Toxicity; Transformation products.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't