Development of a Monoclonal Antibody Against Porcine CD163 SRCR5 Domain Which Partially Blocks Infection of PRRSV

Yujiao Zhang; Kuan Zhang; Hao Zheng; Changlong Liu; Yifeng Jiang; Nannan Du; Liwei Li; Guoxin Li; Lingxue Yu; Yanjun Zhou; Wu Tong; Kuan Zhao; Guangzhi Tong; Fei Gao

doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.597843

Development of a Monoclonal Antibody Against Porcine CD163 SRCR5 Domain Which Partially Blocks Infection of PRRSV

Front Vet Sci. 2020 Nov 5:7:597843. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.597843. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Yujiao Zhang¹, Kuan Zhang¹, Hao Zheng^{1

2}, Changlong Liu¹, Yifeng Jiang¹, Nannan Du³, Liwei Li¹, Guoxin Li¹, Lingxue Yu¹, Yanjun Zhou^{1

2}, Wu Tong^{1

2}, Kuan Zhao¹, Guangzhi Tong^{1

2}, Fei Gao^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China.
² Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
³ College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.

Abstract

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), which seriously endangers the world pig industry, invades host cells through receptor-mediated endocytosis involving clathrin. CD163 is an essential receptor for PRRSV during its infection of cells. The scavenger receptor cysteine-rich 5 (SRCR5) domain of the CD163 molecule is necessary for PRRSV infection, and interacts with glycoproteins GP2a and GP4 of PRRSV, allowing the virus to infect the host cells. In this study, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against the SRCR5-6 region of porcine CD163 was developed, and the target epitope of the mAb was determined as ⁴⁹⁷TWGTVCDSDF⁵⁰⁶, which is directly adjacent to the ligand-binding pocket (LBP) domain (487-495aa) of CD163. Further study indicated that the mAb could partially block PRRSV infection of its target cells, pulmonary alveolar macrophages. The mAb developed in the study may provide a foundation of antiviral therapy for PRRSV.

Keywords: CD163; PRRSV; SRCR5; epitope; monoclonal antibody.