Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the First-Time Fathers Questionnaire in China

Zhang Xiu-Zhen; Zhang Jing; Zhou Lin; Aasa Premberg; Ma Dong-Mei; Xu Meng-Yan; Feng Guo-He; Wu Ping; Bao Zhao-Lan

doi:10.1016/j.midw.2020.102885

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the First-Time Fathers Questionnaire in China

Midwifery. 2021 Feb:93:102885. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2020.102885. Epub 2020 Nov 14.

Authors

Zhang Xiu-Zhen¹, Zhang Jing², Zhou Lin³, Aasa Premberg⁴, Ma Dong-Mei⁵, Xu Meng-Yan⁶, Feng Guo-He⁷, Wu Ping¹, Bao Zhao-Lan¹

Affiliations

¹ Hangzhou Normal University, Nursing School, No. 2318, Yu Hang Tang St, Cang Qian Area, Yu Hang Dis, Hang Zhou, Zhe Jiang, China, 311121.
² Hangzhou Normal University, Nursing School, No. 2318, Yu Hang Tang St, Cang Qian Area, Yu Hang Dis, Hang Zhou, Zhe Jiang, China, 311121. Electronic address: zj_617@163.com.
³ Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 261, Huan Sha St, Xia Cheng Dis, Hang Zhou, Zhe Jiang, China, 310006.
⁴ Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Primary Health Care, Research and Development Unit, Närhälsan, Kungsgatan 12, Gothenburg, Sweden.
⁵ Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, No. 1, Xue Shi St, Xia Cheng Dis, Hang Zhou, Zhe Jiang, China, 310006.
⁶ Hangzhou Maternity and Child Care Hospital, No. 369, Kun Peng St, Shang Cheng Dis, Hang Zhou, Zhe Jiang, China, 310008.
⁷ The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, No. 126, Wen Zhou St, Gong Shu Dis, Hang Zhou, Zhe Jiang, China, 310015.

PMID: 33246145
DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2020.102885

Abstract

Objective: The study aimed to cross-culturally adapt and validate the First-Time Fathers Questionnaire (FTFQ) in the cultural context of China.

Design: Prospective validation study.

Setting: The study was conducted in four public hospitals in Hangzhou, a southeast coastal city of China.

Participants: Four hundred and nineteen first-time fathers (mean age=30.45 years, SD=3.44, range 22-46) whose partners had given birth between July 20 and October 10, 2019.

Methods: The instrument "First Time Fathers Questionnaire (FTFQ)" was translated and culturally adapted to the Chinese context according to the methodological criteria of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomic and Outcomes Research. The construct-related validity of the instrument was tested through EFA and CFA. Content validity was evaluated with an analysis of the expert judgment. Reliability was assessed based on the internal consistency.

Results: Four domains were identified: "Worry", "Information", "Emotional Support", and "Acceptance", with 19 items and adequate internal reliability (0.86, 0.80, 0.86, and 0.72, respectively) and a total variance of 64.65%. The CFA model showed there is a good fit for the data: X²/df =1.20; RMSA = 0.03; CFI = 0.99; and NFI = 0.93. Additionally, each item achieved an I-CVI ≧0.83, and the S-CVI/Ave = 0.90.

Key conclusions: The Chinese version of the FTFQ is a valid and reliable instrument to assess first-time fathers' experience of childbirth in China.

Implications for practice: This study provides a validated questionnaire that is suitable for the Chinese cultural context. It contributes to the knowledge of first-time fathers' experience of childbirth and facilitate further actions to improve paternal satisfaction and behavior as labour companion.

Keywords: Childbirth; Experience; First-time fathers; Questionnaire; Reliability; Validation.

MeSH terms

Adult
China
Culturally Competent Care / methods*
Fathers / psychology*
Fathers / statistics & numerical data
Humans
Male
Prospective Studies
Psychometrics / instrumentation
Psychometrics / methods
Psychometrics / standards*
Reproducibility of Results
Surveys and Questionnaires
Translating