Clinical Observation and Prognostic Analysis of Patients With Klebsiella pneumoniae Bloodstream Infection

Abstract

Background and purpose: The clinical prognosis of Klebsiella pneumoniae(K. pneumoniae) bloodstream infection is poor, and the prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria makes clinical anti-infective treatment more challenging. This retrospective study evaluated the epidemiological characteristics of patients with K. pneumoniae, the risk factors for drug-resistant bacterial infection and death, and analyzed treatment options.

Methods: Clinical data of 297 patients diagnosed with K. pneumoniae bacteremia between June 2014 and June 2019 were collected.

Results: Intensive care unit hospitalization history, operation history, recent antibiotic use history, mechanical ventilation, and number of days hospitalized before bloodstream infection were found to be independent risk factors for drug-resistant bacterial infection. The risk of death for carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae infection was 2.942 times higher than that for carbapenem-sensitive K. pneumoniae infection. For extensively drug-resistant K. pneumoniae bacteremia patients, the mortality rate of combined anti-infective therapy was lower.

Conclusions: Clinicians should pay attention to patients with high-risk drug-resistant bacteria infection and administer timely anti-infection treatment. The findings of this study may provide some suggestions for early identification and standardized treatment of patients with K. pneumoniae bacteremia.

Keywords: Carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB); Klebsiella pneumoniae; anti-bacterial agents—therapeutic use; bloodstream infection (BSI); intensive care unit (ICU).