The particle matter of wine is mainly composed of wine colloids and macromolecules. The present work develops a methodology using asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation coupled with multi-angle light scattering, differential refractive index detector, and ultraviolet detector (AsFlFFF-MALS-dRI-UV) for the fractionation and determination of the molar mass, the hydrodynamic radius, and the apparent densities of the aggregates and macromolecules present in wine samples. The results from a set of six Argentinian high-altitude wines showed two main populations: the first population composed of wine colloids with higher UV-specific absorptivity and the second population composed of polysaccharides, such as arabinogalactans. The conformation results showed that population 1 consists of small and dense particles, while population 2 showed high molar masses and lower densities. The results demonstrated the use of AsFlFFF as a new, effective method for the fractionation and characterization of wine colloids and wine macromolecules in red wines with further potential applications.
Keywords: AsFlFFF; anthocyanin; polysaccharides; wine colloids; wine macromolecules.