Heterologous production and functional characterization of Bradyrhizobium japonicum copper-containing nitrite reductase and its physiological redox partner cytochrome c550

Metallomics. 2020 Dec 23;12(12):2084-2097. doi: 10.1039/d0mt00177e.

Abstract

Two domain copper-nitrite reductases (NirK) contain two types of copper centers, one electron transfer (ET) center of type 1 (T1) and a catalytic site of type 2 (T2). NirK activity is pH-dependent, which has been suggested to be produced by structural modifications at high pH of some catalytically relevant residues. To characterize the pH-dependent kinetics of NirK and the relevance of T1 covalency in intraprotein ET, we studied the biochemical, electrochemical, and spectroscopic properties complemented with QM/MM calculations of Bradyrhizobium japonicum NirK (BjNirK) and of its electron donor cytochrome c550 (BjCycA). BjNirK presents absorption spectra determined mainly by a S(Cys)3pπ → Cu2+ ligand-to-metal charge-transfer (LMCT) transition. The enzyme shows low activity likely due to the higher flexibility of a protein loop associated with BjNirK/BjCycA interaction. Nitrite is reduced at high pH in a T1-decoupled way without T1 → T2 ET in which proton delivery for nitrite reduction at T2 is maintained. Our results are analyzed in comparison with previous results found by us in Sinorhizobium meliloti NirK, whose main UV-vis absorption features are determined by S(Cys)3pσ/π → Cu2+ LMCT transitions.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Bacterial Proteins / genetics
  • Bacterial Proteins / metabolism*
  • Bradyrhizobium / genetics
  • Bradyrhizobium / metabolism*
  • Cloning, Molecular
  • Copper / metabolism
  • Cytochrome c Group / genetics
  • Cytochrome c Group / metabolism*
  • Nitrite Reductases / genetics
  • Nitrite Reductases / metabolism*
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Up-Regulation

Substances

  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Cytochrome c Group
  • Copper
  • cytochrome C-550
  • Nitrite Reductases
  • nitrite reductase, copper-containing

Supplementary concepts

  • Bradyrhizobium japonicum