The Kubic FLOTAC microscope (KFM): a new compact digital microscope for helminth egg counts

Parasitology. 2021 Apr;148(4):427-434. doi: 10.1017/S003118202000219X. Epub 2020 Nov 20.

Abstract

The Kubic FLOTAC microscope (KFM) is a compact, low-cost, versatile and portable digital microscope designed to analyse fecal specimens prepared with Mini-FLOTAC or FLOTAC, in both field and laboratory settings. In this paper, we present the characteristics of the KFM along with its first validation for fecal egg count (FEC) of gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) in cattle. For this latter purpose, a study was performed on 30 fecal samples from cattle experimentally infected by GINs to compare the performance of Mini-FLOTAC either using a traditional optical microscope (OM) or the KFM. The results of the comparison showed a substantial agreement (concordance correlation coefficient = 0.999), with a very low discrepancy (−0.425 ± 7.370) between the two microscopes. Moreover, the KFM captured images comparable with the view provided by the traditional OM. Therefore, the combination of sensitive, accurate, precise and standardized FEC techniques, as the Mini-FLOTAC, with a reliable automated system, will permit the real-time observation and quantification of parasitic structures, thanks also to artificial intelligence software, that is under development. For these reasons, the KFM is a promising tool for an accurate and efficient FEC to improve parasite diagnosis and to assist new generations of operators in veterinary and public health.

Keywords: Digital microscope; Kubic FLOTAC microscope; Mini-FLOTAC; Tele-Parasitology; fecal egg count.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cattle
  • Cattle Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Cattle Diseases / parasitology
  • Feces / parasitology*
  • Imaging, Three-Dimensional / veterinary
  • Microscopy / instrumentation*
  • Microscopy / methods*
  • Nematode Infections / diagnosis
  • Nematode Infections / parasitology
  • Nematode Infections / veterinary*
  • Parasite Egg Count / instrumentation*
  • Statistics, Nonparametric