Objective: To explore the related factors of the coronary microvascular disease (CMD) diagnosed with positron emission tomography(PET)/CT in patients with chest pain and without obstructive coronary artery disease (NOCA). Methods: This study was a single-center retrospective cross-sectional study. Consecutive patients with chest pain and NOCA on coronary angiography, who underwent PET/CT quantitative myocardial blood flow measurements at TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital from August 2018 to January 2019, were enrolled for this study. The diagnostic criteria for NOCA was the absence of coronary artery diameter stenosis ≥50% on coronary angiography. Clinical data, global left ventricular myocardial blood flow on stress and rest, and the coronary flow reserve (CFR) were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups according to CFR. Patients with CFR<2 were defined as CMD group, and the rest were classified as control group. Pearson correlation analysis and Logistics regression analysis were used for exploring the risk factors of the CMD. Results: A total of 66 patients, with an mean age of (56.7±9.6) years, were included in the study, including 41 females (62%). There were 20 patients with CMD (30%). Body mass index (BMI) was significantly higher in CND group than in control group ((28.1±3.6) kg/m2 vs. (25.6±3.5) kg/m2, P=0.01). Total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were also significantly higher in CMD group than in control group ((4.89±1.03) mmol/L vs. (4.30±1.02) mmol/L and (3.23±0.81) mmol/L vs. (2.71±0.95) mmol/L respectively, P=0.038). Pearson correlation analysis showed that CFR was moderately correlated with BMI (r=-0.45, P<0.001), and was weakly correlated with TC and LDL-C (r=-0.271 and r=-0.280, respectively, P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that BMI (the risk of CMD increased by 1.528 times for every 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI, 95%CI 1.083-5.897, P<0.05) was an independent risk factor of CMD after adjusted by gender, hypertension, diabetic mellites and LDL-C. Conclusion: For patients with NOCA and chest pain, high BMI is independent risk factor of CMD diagnosed by PET/CT.
目的： 初步探讨基于正电子发射计算机断层成像（PET）/CT定量心肌血流分析诊断为冠状动脉微血管疾病（CMD）的非阻塞性冠状动脉疾病（NOCA）胸痛患者CMD的发生风险和相关因素。 方法： 本研究为单中心回顾性研究。连续选取2018年8月至2019年10月于泰达国际心血管病医院因胸痛行PET/CT定量心肌血流分析的NOCA患者。NOCA诊断标准为冠状动脉造影检查不存在任何冠状动脉直径狭窄≥50%的病变。收集患者的临床资料、PET/CT左心室负荷及静息状态的心肌血流量和左心室整体冠状动脉血流储备（CFR）结果，根据CFR分为CMD组（CFR<2）和对照组（CFR≥2）。比较2组患者的临床特征，采用Pearson相关系数分析CFR与各临床连续变量间的线性相关性，采用logistics回归分析初步探讨CMD相关的危险因素。 结果： 共纳入66例患者，年龄（56.7±9.6）岁，其中女性41例（62%），CMD组20例（30%），对照组46例（70%）。单因素分析显示，CMD组体重指数（BMI）［（28.1±3.6）kg/m2比（25.6±3.5）kg/m2，P=0.01］、总胆固醇［（4.89±1.03）mmol/L比（4.30±1.02）mmol/L，P=0.038］、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）［（3.23±0.81）mmol/L比（2.71±0.95）mmol/L，P=0.038］高于对照组。Pearson相关分析显示CFR与BMI呈中等程度负相关（r=-0.45，P<0.001），与总胆固醇（r=-0.271，P<0.05）和LDL-C（r=-0.280，P<0.05）呈弱相关。多因素logistic回归分析显示，经性别、高血压、糖尿病、LDL-C调整后，BMI与CMD独立正相关（BMI每增加5 kg/m2，CMD风险增加1.528倍，95%CI：1.083~5.897，P<0.05）。 结论： 在NOCA胸痛患者中，CMD发生风险较高，BMI升高与基于PET/CT定量心肌血流分析诊断的CMD独立相关。.
Keywords: Coronary circulation; Myocardium; Positron-emission tomography; Regional blood flow; Risk factor.